Categorical or continuous speech perception: A new test

نویسندگان

  • Dominic W. Massaro
  • Michael M. Cohen
چکیده

An import~.nt question in speech perception is whether listeners have continuous or categorical information about the acoustic signal in speech. Most traditional experimental studies have been interpreted as evidence for categorical perception. It is also argued in the present paper that more recent results taken as evidence against categorical perception are not unequivocally negative. Accordingly, further tests between continuous and categorical views of speech perception are necessary. In the present experiments, listeners were asked for continuous rather than discrete judgments in order to provide a more direct answer to this question. Subjects were asked to rate speech sounds according to where they fell on a particular speech continuum. The continua consisted of stop consonants varying in place ( / b e e / t o / d e e / ) or voicing ( / b e e / t o / p e e / ) or a vowel continuum varying f r o m / i / t o / 1 / . The distributions of rating responses of individual subjects were used to test quantitative models of categorical and continuous perception of acoustic features in speech. The results provide strong evidence against the categorical perception of speech contrasts, and contribute additional evidence for the role of continuous acoustic feature information in speech processing. Zusammenfassung. Eine wichtige Frage im Zusammenhang mit der Sprachperzeption ist, ob H6rer kontinuierliche oder kategorische Information fiber das akustische Sprachsignal verarbeiten. Die meisten traditionellen experimentellen Untersuchungen sind als Nachweis kategorischer Perzeption gedeutet worden, lm vorliegenden Artikel wird aber auch darauf hingewiesen, dass neure Ergebnisse, die als Beweis gegen eine kategorische Perzeption ausgelegt wurden, ernst zu nehmen sind. Nur weitere Tests kOnnen daher zur Klarung der unterschiedlichen Auffassungen fiber die Vorgiinge bei der Sprachperzeption beitragen. Um eine direktere Antwort auf die aufgeworfene Frage zu erhalten, hatten die H6rer in den im folgenden vorgestellten Experimenten eher kontinuierliche ais diskrete Urteile zu fallen. Sie mussten im einzelnen angeben, an welcher Stelle bestimmte Sprachlaute in ,~ontinuierlichen Versuchsreihen erschienen. Die kontinuierliche Ver~tnderung bestand bei Explosivlauten in der Variation ihrer Artikulationsstelle ( / bee / -~ , / dee / ) oder ihrer Stimmhaftigkeit ( /bee / -* /pee / ) ; bei Vokalen ging es dagegen um den Obergang yon / i / zu / 1 / . Die Verteihingen der individuellen H6rerurteile wurde zur 0berprfifung quantitativer Modeile kategorischer und kontinuierlicher Perzeption akustischer Merkmale herangezogen. Die Ergebnisse sprechen stark gegen eine kategorische Perzeption yon Kontrast im Sprachsignal und liefern weitere Beweise ffir die Rolle kontinuierlicher Information akustischer Merkmale in der Sprachverarbeitung. R6sum6. Dans la perception de la parole, une question importante consiste /t savoir si les auditeurs disposent d'une information cnntinue ou cat6gorielle sur le signal acoustique de parole. La plupart des exp6riences traditionnelles ont 6t6 interpr6t6es cornme supportant la th6se de la perceptioa cat6gorielle. Ainsi que nous I'exposons dans cet article, des r6sultats r6cents, pris comme arguments en d6faveur de la perception cat6gorielle, ne sont pas univoquement n6gatifs. Des tests suppl6mentaires permettant de s6parer ces deux optiques sont n6cessaires. Dans nos exp6riences, il a 6t6 demand~ /t des auditeurs de porter des jugements continus plut6t que discrets afin de fournir une r6ponse plus directe/t cette question. Les sujets devaient 6valuer la localisation de sons de la parole sur un continuum particulier. Les continuums 6talent constitu6s de consonnes occlusives variant selon le lieu d'articulation (de/bee/vers/dee/) ou ie voisement (de/bee/vers/pee/), ou de voyelles variant de / i / vers / I / . Les distributions individuelles des r6ponses ont 6t6 utilis6es pour tester des mod61es quantitatifs de perception cat6gorielle ou continue de traits acoustiques de la parole. Les r6suitats vont fortement/t l'encontre de la perception cat6gorielle et fournissent des arguments suppl6mentaires en faveur du r61e de rinformation continue sur les traits acoustiques dans ie traitement de la parole.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Speech Communication

دوره 2  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1983